Abstract

In this study, lipid profiles and body mass indices (BMI) were examined in persons from Iraq with various clinical diagnoses, including diabetes, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease (IHD), and patients with IHD alone. Healthy volunteers with a comparable BMI and age made up the control group. The National Diabetes Center, Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, and Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital’s outpatient clinics served as the source of patients. The aim of this study was to examine the lipid profiles and body mass indices (BMI) of Iraqi persons with various clinical diagnoses, including diabetes, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease (IHD), and patients with IHD alone. The study aimed to contrast these profiles and BMI measures with those of a control group of healthy volunteers with comparable BMI and age. The researcher sought to learn more about potential relationships between these variables and certain medical disorders by examining the lipid profiles and BMI of people with various clinical diagnoses. The study’s goal may have been to investigate any possible links or patterns that may have resulted from the analysis and how lipid profiles and BMI are affected by diabetes, IHD, or their combination. After a 12-hour fasting the previous night, blood was drawn from each participant to establish their lipid profile using enzymatic methods. In comparison to the control group, Group III (IHD patients) had significantly higher baseline LDL cholesterol (LDL-c) readings. At baseline, group I’s (diabetes patients) LDL-c levels were significantly greater than the controls. Group III had considerably lower HDL cholesterol (HDL-c) values. Compared to controls, every patient group’s VLDL cholesterol (VLDL-c) blood levels were noticeably greater. The LDL-c/HDL-c ratios and atherogenic indices were considerably higher in all patient groups. The researcher adopted a controlled approach to compare the lipid profiles and BMI of the patient groups with the control group. They divided the 75 Iraqi patients into three groups based on their clinical diagnoses: Group I was made up of 25 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (D.M.), Group II was made up of 25 people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease (IHD), and Group III was made up of 25 people with IHD alone. These groups were chosen from patients utilizing the National Diabetes Center, Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, and Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital’s outpatient clinics. In Iraqi patients, particularly those with IHD, this study revealed atherogenic risk and dyslipidemic tendencies. In order to reduce these individuals’ risk of cardiovascular diseases, the findings highlight the necessity of managing their obesity and dyslipidemia. Novel medications must be investigated more thoroughly, involving larger sample numbers and longitudinal follow-up to improve lipid profiles and reduce cardiovascular risk.