Abstract

Biopolymer-based nanofibers have emerged as a promising class of materials with diverse applications in various fields. These nanofibers, characterized by their high aspect ratio and small diameter, exhibit unique physical, chemical, and mechanical properties that make them suitable for a wide range of advanced applications. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the potential of biopolymer-based nanofibers and their significance in cutting-edge technological advancements. Firstly, the synthesis and fabrication techniques for biopolymer-based nanofibers are discussed, including electrospinning, self-assembly, and template-assisted methods. The selection of appropriate biopolymers, such as cellulose, chitosan, silk fibroin, and gelatin, is crucial to achieve desired properties and functionalization. Secondly, the exceptional properties of biopolymer-based nanofibers are explored. These nanofibers possess high surface area-to-volume ratio, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunable mechanical strength. Moreover, they can be functionalized through the incorporation of additives, nanoparticles, and bioactive molecules, enabling tailored properties for specific applications. Furthermore, the advanced applications of biopolymer-based nanofibers are presented. In the field of tissue engineering, these nanofibers have shown great potential as scaffolds for cell growth, promoting tissue regeneration, and guiding cellular behavior. Additionally, they find applications in drug delivery systems, wound healing dressings, biosensors, filtration membranes, and energy storage devices, among others. The challenges and future prospects of biopolymer-based nanofibers are also discussed. This includes improving the scalability of fabrication techniques, enhancing mechanical properties, exploring novel biopolymers, and investigating their interactions with living systems for biomedical applications. biopolymer-based nanofibers represent a highly versatile and promising material platform with immense potential in advanced applications. Their unique combination of properties, coupled with the ability to tailor them for specific purposes, opens up exciting opportunities for innovation in various fields. Continued research and development in this area will contribute to the advancement of nanotechnology and the realization of novel applications for the benefit of society.