Abstract

To date, we do not know the etiological agents of Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) that trigger the production of specific antibodies (autoimmune reaction) in the bloodstream, against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antigens located in the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, respectively. Agents that also cause immunological abnormalities, which damage the intima of the arteries and the blood brain barrier (BBB). Thus, AQP4 and MOG antibodies, as well as cytokines and activated leukocytes cross the injured BBB to cause inflammation, demyelination and degeneration. The clinical course in both diseases is generally characterized by periods of relapses and remissions. For these reasons, based on previous neurosurgical experiences, I believe that an omental transplantation on the optic chiasma and anteromedial temporal lobes can decrease or prevent relapses. Because the omentum produces revascularization and provides stem cells to the hypothalamus and surrounding zones.

Keywords: NMO; MS; Hyperactivity of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; Chronic stress; AQP4 antigen; MOG antigen