ISSN: 2161-1165

Epidemiology: Open Access
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  • Review Article   
  • Epidemiol 2014, Vol 4(3): 156
  • DOI: 10.4172/2161-1165.1000156

Neurocysticercosis: Clinical Aspects, Immunopathology, Diagnosis, Treatment and Vaccine Development

José Ramón Vielma1,3, Haideé Urdaneta-Romero2, Juana Del Carmen Villarreal1, Luis Alberto Paz1, Luis Vicente Gutiérrez1, Marylú Mora3 and Leonor Chacín- Bonilla4*
1Laboratorio de Análisis Químico (LAQUNESUR), Universidad Nacional Experimental Sur del Lago "Jesús María Semprum" UNESUR, Santa Bárbara de Zulia, estado Zulia, , Venezuela
2Instituto de Inmunología Clínica (IDIC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, estado Mérida, , Venezuela
3Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (CIB – IVIC), Maracaibo, estado Zulia, , Venezuela
4Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas “Dr. Américo Negrette”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, estado Zulia, , Venezuela
*Corresponding Author : Leonor Chacín- Bonilla, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas “Dr. Américo Negrette”, Facultad De Medicina, Universidad Del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela, Tel: +58-414-652-4576, Fax: +58-261-759-7247, Email: leonorbonilla42@yahoo.com

Received Date: Jan 26, 2014 / Accepted Date: Apr 27, 2014 / Published Date: Apr 30, 2014

Abstract

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is defined as human parasitism caused by Taenia solium in its larval stage, when the parasite is located at the central nervous system of the human beings. This disease represents a serious public health problem in developing countries. Neuroimaging studies are usually abnormal, but in most cases, not pathognomonic. Serological diagnosis of NCC is made by means of tests using crude antigens or semipurified fractions of T. solium cysticerci or the use of recombinant antigens that have improved the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis. Treatment of NCC is based upon the use of cystocidal drugs, namely: praziquantel and albendazole. Some vaccines to prevent porcine cysticercosis are in advanced stages of investigation, but they are not to be used in humans. Nowadays, the T. solium genome sequence will allow to create a rational design of new healing and preventive drugs. A vaccine for human taeniosis use could be developed in a short term. The aim of this review is to describe the most important clinical aspects of the NCC with emphasis in immunopathology and immune diagnosis.

Keywords: Neurocysticercosis; Taenia solium; Immunopathology; Serological diagnosis; Treatment; Vaccines

Citation: Vielma JR, Urdaneta-Romero H, Villarreal JC, Paz LA, Gutiérrez LV, et al. (2014) Neurocysticercosis: Clinical Aspects, Immunopathology, Diagnosis, Treatment and Vaccine Development. Epidemiol 4:156. Doi: 10.4172/2161-1165.1000156

Copyright: © 2014 Vielma JR, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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