Abstract

Aim: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative, spiral, microaerophilic, flagellated bacterium that can change its shape from spiral to coccidial and is thought to be associated with enhanced bacterial survival in the host gastric microenvironment. The spiral form of H. pylori allows for successful bacterial motility, while the coccidial form provides the ability to colonize the mucus layer of the gastric epithelium, further enhancing bacterial invasiveness. Among all the microorganisms some are very much fatal to humans and among them H. pylori is one of the most common infectious pathogens frequently causing imbalance in the health of humans in the world, and its infection can lead to wide range of gastrointestinal diseases. Research is ongoing and some studies shown that H. pylori is the major reason for occurrence of chronic gastritis, most probably active gastritis which is the direct, indirect reason and closely related to peptic ulcer and it is also one of the factors for the gastric ulcers formation. Helicobacter pylori is a common strain of gastrointestinal bacteria which is plays a major role in the incidence of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer. Currently, Gastric cancer has become one of the most common malignancies where men and women are easily prone to and additionally, it is the fourth most common reason for cancer-related fatalities globally. The interplay of hereditary and environmental variables, of which H. pylori infection is the most significant, is linked to the development of stomach cancer. Its been more than 20 years in discovering the strain of H. pylori, and currently it became highly resistant and is infecting more than half of the world's population. For gastroenterologists, research on H. pylori infection has long been crucial. H. pylori antibody rapid test cassette (serum/plasma) is the test used to study the human gastrointestinal conditions, particularly those affecting those with gastric cancer.

Objective: The main purpose of this evaluation report is to explore the auxiliary significance of H. pylori antibody rapid test cassette (serum/plasma) in the study of human gastrointestinal diseases, especially gastric cancer patients.

Methods: A rapid invitro diagnostic test devise is used for detecting the presence of IgG antibodies that are released against Helicobacter pylori virus in serum or blood plasma and comparison was made with a leading commercial H. pylori antibody ELISA test for validating the performance.

Results: The overall relative sensitivity results of H.pyroli shown that the primary and secondary infection rate upon performing H. pylori antibody rapid test cassette (serum/plasma) is 95.5%, the relative specificity is 91.3%, and the relative accuracy is 93.7%.

Conclusion: To prove that the new antibody detection method is the most useful ideal test for qualitative analysis of antibodies that are present in blood plasma or serum is H. pylori antibody rapid test cassette (serum/plasma) where the results of the groups are compared with the C-urea breath test which is used as the standard for diagnosing the infection ratio of Helicobacter pylori and finally attained both high specificity and sensitivity. The diagnostic accuracy of the H. pylori antibody rapid test cassette was 92.0%, sensitivity was 92.3%, specificity was 91.7%, positive predictive value was 92.3%, and the negative predictive value was 91.7%. This study is compared with gastroscopy too where the H. pylori antibody rapid test cassette is a non-invasive test. Finally, we believe that the better diagnostic method for the detection of current H. pylori infection is performed through H. pylori antibody rapid test cassette and it comprises all the characteristics of application, convenience and patient compliance.

Keywords: H.Pylori; Gastric ulcer; Blood plasma; Gastritis