Abstract

This collection of research underscores the pervasive impact of socioeconomic determinants on global health and well-being. Studies consistently reveal that lower socioeconomic status—defined by income, education, occupation, and living conditions—is linked to heightened health disparities, poorer mental health, increased diabetes prevalence, and adverse COVID-19 outcomes. These factors also critically influence educational attainment, early childhood development, food security, and health-related quality of life among older adults and urban populations. The evidence strongly advocates for multi-sectoral policy interventions, including income support and robust social programs, to address these root causes, mitigate inequalities, and foster equitable societal outcomes.