Abstract

The primary cause of heart stroke is the blockage of coronary arteries due to the buildup of plaque or the formation of a blood clot. This interruption in blood flow leads to the deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle, resulting in tissue damage and potential complications. Various risk factors, such as age, family history, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and stress, contribute to the development of heart stroke.

Clinical symptoms of heart stroke commonly include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, radiating pain to the arm or jaw, nausea, dizziness, and profuse sweating. Early recognition and prompt medical attention are crucial in minimizing cardiac damage and improving patient outcomes. Diagnosis of heart stroke involves a combination of medical history assessment, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac biomarker testing, and imaging techniques such as coronary angiography. Timely and accurate diagnosis enables the initiation of appropriate treatment strategies. Management of heart stroke focuses on restoring blood flow to the affected heart muscle, relieving symptoms, and preventing further complications. Interventions may include administering medications, such as antiplatelet agents and thrombolytics, performing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or even coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in severe cases. Preventive measures for heart stroke involve addressing modifiable risk factors through lifestyle modifications, including a healthy diet, regular physical activity, smoking cessation, weight management, and optimal control of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Additionally, public education, awareness campaigns, and access to quality healthcare play pivotal roles in reducing the incidence and mortality associated with heart stroke.