Abstract

Interpersonal violence (IPV) is a widespread and significant global issue encompassing various forms of physical, emotional, sexual, and psychological harm inflicted by one individual upon another. IPV manifests in different contexts, including family violence, intimate partner violence, and community violence, and disproportionately affects women, children, and marginalized groups. This abstract investigates the causes, consequences, and strategies to address IPV, stressing the need for comprehensive interventions. IPV arises from a complex mix of individual, relational, community, and societal factors, including low self-esteem, substance abuse, dysfunctional family environments, poverty, social inequality, and cultural norms that perpetuate violence. The consequences of IPV are severe, leading to physical injuries, psychological trauma, and disrupted lives. The economic burden of IPV includes healthcare costs, lost productivity, and legal expenses. At the societal level, IPV fosters distrust, divides communities, and perpetuates cycles of abuse, particularly among children exposed to violence.