Journal of Child and Adolescent Behavior
Open Access

Research Article

Altered Structural-functional Maturation of the Right Amygdala in Healthy Adolescents Exposed to Traumatic Events

¹Department of Neurology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK

²Department of Neurology, Developmental Neuroscience Unit, The Anna Freud Centre, UK

³Department of Clinical Research, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, UK

*Corresponding Author:

Bernal-Casas David
Department of Neurology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging
Institute of Neurology, University College London
12 Queen Square - London - WC1N 3BG, UK
Tel: ++44 (0) 20 3448 4362
Fax: ++44 (0) 20 7813 1420
E-mail: bernalgps@gmail.com

Received Date: August 11, 2015 Accepted Date: September 15, 2015 Published Date: September 22, 2015

Citation: David BC, Pincham H, Harding E, Prabhu G, Fearon P, et al. (2015) Altered Structural-functional Maturation of the Right Amygdala in Healthy Adolescents Exposed to Traumatic Events. J Child Adolesc Behav 3:248. doi:10.4172/2375-4494.1000248

Copyright: © 2015 David BC, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Trauma is defined as a physical or psychological threat or assault to an individual’s physical integrity, sense of self, safety or survival or to the physical safety of a significant other. The most common long-term mental health conditions resulting from trauma are post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. A number of studies using neuroimaging methodologies have implicated the amygdala and hippocampus in emotion processing in mood disorders, and adult depression studies suggest amygdala-hippocampal functional connectivity deficits. However, while trauma contributes to depression in a variety of ways, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying exposure to traumatic experiences have been poorly studied. In order to address this question, we used voxel based morphometry (VBM) and spectral dynamic causal modelling (spectral DCM; spDCM) approaches to analyse structural and restingstate functional magnetic resonance imaging and examine grey matter volume, white matter volume, and effective connectivity within the amygdala-hippocampal network in adolescents without psychiatric diagnoses, who had or had not been previously exposed to traumatic life events. Our results indicated greater intrinsic connectivity within the right amygdala in individuals with traumatic experiences compared to controls. Likewise we observed reduced white matter volume within the same region in those individuals, compared with controls. Together, these findings are suggestive of altered maturation of the right amygdala in healthy adolescents following trauma exposure. We interpret such brain changes as a plausible mechanism that may make individuals more vulnerable to developing psychopathology later in life.

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