Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. Long-term complications of diabetes cases are prominently associated with kidney abnormality which is so for change in urine parameters.

Objective: To assess alteration of urine parameters in DM patients attending in Jimma University specialized hospital, Southwest, Ethiopia, from Feb. 10 to mar 10,2018.

Method: Prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Jimma University Specialized Hospital from February10 to March 10, 2018.The study subject was diabetic mellitus patients, who were selected by simple random sampling technique. The socio-demographic and some clinical characteristics of the study subjects were collected by using structured questionnaire and checklist respectively. Urine analysis was done to assess the physical, chemical and microscopic alteration of urine parameters. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Frequencies and cross tabulations was used to summarize descriptive statistics. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between variables. A p-value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Result: A total of 275 Diabetic Mellitus patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 150(54.5%) were females. Urine chemical test among the participant revealed positive for Protein 40(14.54%), ketone 100(36.35%), bilirubin 64 (23.14%), leukocyte esterase 155(56.38%), and glucose 188 (68.4%). It was found that DBP and SBP were significantly associated with a positive urine protein. Sex and type of DM were significantly associated with a positive urine ketone. Moreover; age, hypertensive and blood glucose were significantly associated with urine glucose. WBC, epithelial cell, RBC, and crystals were major microscopic findings for DM patients.

Conclusion and Recommendation: The finding showed relatively a higher proportion of DM subjects had altered urine parameters, which indicated a periodic assessment of urine parameters in the routine follow-up of DM patients is mandatory.