Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases, including malaria, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus, have resurged in many regions due to ecological changes driven by climate change, urbanization, deforestation, and altered land use patterns. Rising temperatures, increased humidity, and shifting precipitation patterns have expanded mosquito habitats, allowing vectors such as Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex species to thrive in new geographic regions. Rapid urbanization, poor waste management, and stagnant water accumulation further create breeding sites, exacerbating disease transmission. Additionally, deforestation disrupts ecological balances, bringing human populations into closer contact with infected vectors. The interplay between these environmental factors and global travel accelerates disease outbreaks, posing significant public health challenges. Effective mitigation strategies include strengthening vector surveillance, implementing sustainable urban planning, and developing innovative vector control measures such as genetically modified mosquitoes and biological larvicides. Addressing the resurgence of mosquito-borne diseases requires a multidisciplinary approach that integrates environmental management, public health interventions, and global cooperation to curb transmission and protect vulnerable populations.