Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 detection and surveillance strategies have rapidly evolved. RT-qPCR remains the gold standard, complemented by antigen-based rapid tests for mass screening. Innovative technologies like CRISPR, point-of-care molecular diagnostics, and biosensors offer portable, sensitive solutions. Wastewater surveillance and saliva sampling enhance public health monitoring and patient comfort. Next-generation sequencing is crucial for genomic surveillance and variant tracking. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming diagnostics through image analysis and disease prediction, enhancing accuracy and speed. These advancements collectively improve global pandemic response and clinical decision-making.