Journal of Molecular Immunology
Open Access

Case Report

Host-oriented Inherent Measures and Eukaryotic Parasite Countermeasures

¹National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

²Faculty of Science, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt

³College of Science and Arts in Unaizah, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia; College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia

⁴College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia

⁵State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Products, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China

*Corresponding Author:

Saeed El-Ashram
National Animal Protozoa Laboratory &College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University
Beijing 100193, China and Faculty of Science, Kafr El-Sheikh University
Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
Tel: +86-13121120565
Email: saeed_elashram@yahoo.com
Xun Suo
National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine
China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Tel: +86-13121120565
Email: suoxun@cau.edu.cn

Received date: February 02, 2017; Accepted date: February 03, 2017; Published date: February 09, 2017

Citation: El-Ashram S, Al Nasr I, Hu M, Suo X (2017) Host-oriented Inherent Measures and Eukaryotic Parasite Countermeasures. J Mol Immunol 2:106.

Copyright: © 2017 El-Ashram S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

The recognition and elimination of eukaryotic parasites appear to be a hardwired prerequisite for host survival. However, eukaryotic parasites, such as Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania sp., Trypanosoma cruzi, Giardia sp., and Schistosoma sp. employ the innate system of the host for their growth, replication, and continuation of their life cycle. So far, however, there has been little discussion about the interaction of the eukaryotic parasites and the innate immune system. Driven by this need, this review provides an overview of the host-oriented inherent measures and eukaryotic parasite countermeasures for evading host defences. Additionally, this review discusses control of parasite and its evasion strategy at innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Taken together, this information could be exploited to discover novel therapies, vaccine strategies and prophylactic intervention points for broad-spectrum host-oriented inherent measures and eukaryotic parasite counter-measures, and to understand the parasitic disease progression and the infection consequence.

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