Abstract

Efforts to enhance global rice productivity are multifaceted, focusing on resilience to drought and salinity through advanced genetic and molecular techniques. Key strategies include improving water use and nitrogen efficiency, adopting climate-smart agricultural practices, and implementing integrated pest and disease management. Research also highlights harnessing genetic diversity, manipulating the rhizosphere microbiome, and employing innovative methods like the System of Rice Intensification and epigenetic regulation. These integrated approaches aim to develop superior, stress-tolerant rice varieties, optimize resource utilization, and ensure sustainable, higher yields for future food security.