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Hindi Nano-Bioremediation: An Innovative Approach for Remedying Heavy Metals using Fungi
*Corresponding Author: Ruqeya Nazir, Centre of Research for Development/ Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India, Tel: +917006716016, Email: ruqeya@uok.edu.inReceived Date: Jun 04, 2021 / Accepted Date: Jun 18, 2021 / Published Date: Jun 25, 2021
Citation: Amin I, Nazir R, Rather MA (2021) Nano-Bioremediation: An Innovative Approach for Remedying Heavy Metals using Fungi. J Bioremediat Biodegrad 12: 489
Copyright: © 2021 Amin I. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Increasing attention has been received by almost all the toxic heavy metals worldwide as they have caused massive environmental pollution. If living organisms remain exposed to these metals for long time, they can have deleterious health impact on them. However, microbes perform a critical part in the bio-transformation of toxic metals in some less hazardous forms. An insight into the mechanism of metal build-up at molecular level has enormous biotechnological implications for remedifying metal-contaminated sites. Fungi are considered to have an enormous prospect for metal bioleaching and are extensively utilized as the most potential and capable group for the metal resistance. Fungi are recognized to defy and detox metals by numerous mechanisms, by virtue of this property these are a drive to future appliance for metal remediation from soil, and thus bioremediation is measured as a budding technology. One of the approaches that revealed huge potential is established on the biological synthesis of nanoparticles utilizing micro-organisms such as fungi. It is assumed that they cause decline of these metal ions which occurs through enzymatic route, thus create the prospect of establishing a rational fungal-based approach for nanomaterials synthesis with different chemical compositions, which at present is not possible by any other method. Thus, time demands to use such innovative remediation techniques for sustainable environment. The main objective of this review was to analyse the technique of bioremediation as well as nanobioremediation of heavy metals utilizing fungi. Besides, we have also summarized the role of myco-synthesized nanoparticles in different bioprospective applications.
