Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), classified within the lentivirus family, is known for its propensity to induce chronic neurologic diseases in its animal hosts. This characteristic extends to HIV-infected individuals, where neurologic complications frequently arise. Beyond opportunistic infections, these complications reflect the virus’s inherent ability to affect the central nervous system. This review examines the spectrum of neurologic disorders associated with HIV, highlighting both direct viral effects and secondary complications. By understanding the mechanisms underlying these neurologic manifestations, we can better address the management and therapeutic strategies for affected patients.