Our Group organises 3000+ Global Conferenceseries Events every year across USA, Europe & Asia with support from 1000 more scientific Societies and Publishes 700+ Open Access Journals which contains over 50000 eminent personalities, reputed scientists as editorial board members.

Open Access Journals gaining more Readers and Citations
700 Journals and 15,000,000 Readers Each Journal is getting 25,000+ Readers

This Readership is 10 times more when compared to other Subscription Journals (Source: Google Analytics)

Research Article

A Novel Strategy for Attenuating Opioid Withdrawal in Neonates

Giovanni C Santoro1, Samarth Shukla1,2, Krishna Patel1, Jakub Kaczmarzyk1, Stergiani Agorastos1, Sandy Scherrer1, Yoon Young Choi1, Christina Veith1, Joseph Carrion1,3, Rebecca Silverman1, Danielle Mullin1, Mohamed Ahmed2, Wynne K Schiffer4, Jonathan D Brodie5 and Stephen L Dewey1,3,5*

1Center for Neurosciences, Laboratory for Molecular and Behavioural Neuroimaging, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA

2Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Cohen Children’s Medical Center of NY, New Hyde Park, NY, USA

3Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA

4Department of Neurology, N. Bud Grossman Center for Memory Research and Care, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

5Psychiatry Department, New York University School of Medicine, NY, USA

*Corresponding Author:
Stephen L Dewey
Investigator and Director, Center for Neurosciences
Laboratory for Behavioural and Molecular Neuroimaging
Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, USA
Tel: 631-767-0420
Fax: 516-562-2357
E-mail: sdewey@nshs.edu

Received date: July 06, 2016; Accepted date: Aug 04, 2016; Published date: Aug 11, 2016

Citation: Santoro GC, Shukla S, Patel K, Kaczmarzyk J, Agorastos S, et al. (2016) A Novel Strategy for Attenuating Opioid Withdrawal in Neonates. J Addict Res Ther 7:291. doi:10.4172/2155-6105.1000291

Copyright: © 2016 Santoro GC, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

The rate of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) has drastically increased over the past decade. The average hospital expense per NAS patient has tripled, while the number of babies born to opioid-dependent mothers has increased to 5 in 1000 births. Current treatment options are limited to opioid replacement and tapering. Consequently, we examined the efficacy of prenatal, low-dose and short-term vigabatrin (γ-vinyl GABA, GVG) exposure for attenuating these symptoms as well as the metabolic changes observed in the brains of these animals upon reaching adolescence. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were treated in one of four ways: 1) saline; 2) morphine alone; 3) morphine+GVG at 25 mg/kg; 4) morphine+GVG at 50 mg/kg. Morphine was administered throughout gestation, while GVG administration occurred only during the last 5 days of gestation. On post-natal day 1, naloxone-induced withdrawal behaviours were recorded in order to obtain a gross behaviour score. Approximately 28 days following birth, 18FDG microPET scans were obtained on these same animals (Groups 1, 2, and 4). Morphine-treated neonates demonstrated significantly higher withdrawal scores than saline controls. However, GVG at 50 but not 25 mg/kg/day significantly attenuated them. Upon reaching adolescence, morphine treated animals showed regionally specific changes in 18FDG uptake. Again, prenatal GVG exposure blocked them. These data demonstrate that low-dose, short-term prenatal GVG administration blocks naloxone-induced withdrawal in neonates. Taken together, these preliminary findings suggest that GVG may provide an alternative and long-lasting pharmacologic approach for the management of neonatal and adolescent symptoms associated with NAS.

Keywords

Google Scholar citation report
Citations : 4859

Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy received 4859 citations as per Google Scholar report

Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy peer review process verified at publons
Indexed In
  • CAS Source Index (CASSI)
  • Index Copernicus
  • Google Scholar
  • Sherpa Romeo
  • Open J Gate
  • Genamics JournalSeek
  • Academic Keys
  • JournalTOCs
  • SafetyLit
  • China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)
  • Electronic Journals Library
  • RefSeek
  • Hamdard University
  • EBSCO A-Z
  • OCLC- WorldCat
  • SWB online catalog
  • Virtual Library of Biology (vifabio)
  • Publons
  • Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research
  • Euro Pub
  • ICMJE
Share This Page
Top