Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System
Open Access

Research Article

Pathological (Histological and Ultrastructural) Study in Stomach and Intestine of Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) to Excel Mera 71, a Glyphosate-Based Herbicide

¹Ecotoxicology Lab, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, India

²Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

³Department of Environmental Science, Aghorekamini Prakashchandra Mahavidyalaya, Subhasnagar, Bengai, Hooghly, West Bengal, India

⁴P.G. Department of Conservation Biology, Durgapur Govt. College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India

Corresponding Author:

Apurba Ratan Ghosh
Ecotoxicology Lab, Department of Environmental Science
The University of Burdwan, Golapbag
Burdwan, 713104, West Bengal, India
Tel: 91 342 2657938
E-mail: apurbaghosh2010@gmail.com

Received Date: September 15, 2016; Accepted Date: November 25, 2016; Published Date: December 02, 2016

Citation: Samanta P, Pal S, Mukherjee AK, Ghosh AR (2016) Pathological (Histological and Ultrastructural) Study in Stomach and Intestine of Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) to Excel Mera 71, a Glyphosate-Based Herbicide. J Gastrointest Dig Syst 6:479. doi: 10.4172/2161-069X.1000479

Copyright: © 2016 Samanta P, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Effects of glyphosate-based commercial herbicide, Excel Mera 71 were performed to evaluate the pathological responses in stomach and intestine of Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) for duration of 30 days both under rice field and laboratory concentrations. Under light microscopy, stomach showed distortion in columnar epithelial cells (CEC), lamina propria (LP) and gastric glands under both conditions, but the severity of responses were more pronounced under laboratory condition. Severe fragmentation in mucosal folds (MF) and epithelial cells, and excessive mucus secretion were observed under scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study in laboratory study but alterations in stratified epithelial cells and microridges structure were not prominent under field; while deformation in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasmic vacuolations were seen under transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observation in both the conditions, but less severe in field study. Intestine showed distortion and fatty deposition in lamina propria, lifting of CEC and loss of brush border structures in laboratory study, while damage only at the tip of the mucosal villi and CEC were observed under field study through light microscopic observation. Under SEM study, degeneration in CEC and excessive mucus secretion over CEC were prominent, while under TEM study deformation and necrosis in mitochondria, severe cytoplasmic vacuolation, necrosis, cytosolic disorganization, and loss of cellular compartmentation were observed in laboratory study, but intestinal epithelium showed normal appearance under field observation. Therefore, present investigation depicted that long-term glyphosate exposure caused stronger pathological alterations under laboratory condition compared with field study and finally, displayed responses could be considered as indicators of herbicidal contamination in aquatic environment.

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