Pharmacogenomics: The Scientific Basis of Rational Drug Development and Prescribing
Received Date: Oct 30, 2017 / Accepted Date: Nov 11, 2017 / Published Date: Nov 16, 2017
Abstract
“It is more important to know what sort of a patient has a disease than what sort of a disease a patient has” (Hippocrates 460 BC-370 BC).
The holy grail of drug discovery is to ensure that an individual responds positively to an investigational drug with minimal or no adverse events. This could then translate to newly discovered drugs being licenced for prescribing as safe and effective therapeutics. Pharmacogenomics may herald the technology for this aspiration to become reality.
Uniting the disciplines of pharmacology and genomics, pharmacogenomics provides a mechanism to understand and predict the response of an individual to a drug or group of drugs. This is based on the premise that an individual’s genotype affects the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and, ultimately, the individual’s their response to a drug.
This review will begin by reviewing the history of drug development and then proceed to discuss the use of pharmacogenomics in drug development through case studies in oncology, respiratory and vaccinology. It will then go on to discuss how pharmacogenomics presently influences prescribing practices and how this technology may have the potential to enhance patient safety when medicines are administered.
Keywords: Pharmacology; Genomics; Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacodynamics
Citation: Abraham S, Jethwa H (2017) Pharmacogenomics: The Scientific Basis of Rational Drug Development and Prescribing. Clin Pharmacol Biopharm 6:179. Doi: 10.4172/2167-065X.1000179
Copyright: © 2017 Abraham S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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