Open Access

Journal of Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Open Access

Our Group organises 3000+ Global Conferenceseries Events every year across USA, Europe & Asia with support from 1000 more scientific Societies and Publishes 700+ Open Access Journals which contains over 50000 eminent personalities, reputed scientists as editorial board members.

Open Access Journals gaining more Readers and Citations
700 Journals and 15,000,000 Readers Each Journal is getting 25,000+ Readers

This Readership is 10 times more when compared to other Subscription Journals (Source: Google Analytics)
  • Commentry   
  • J Card Pulm Rehabil 2017, Vol 1(2): 119

Magnitude of Time-Dependence of Beat-to-Beat Muscle Blood Flow Between Isometric Contraction and Relaxation During Repeated Knee Extensor Exercise at Incremental Workload

Osada T1,2*, Ueno R2 and Rådegran G3
1Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
2Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
3Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, and The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO. Heart and Lung Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
*Corresponding Author : Osada T, Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 160-0023, Japan, Tel: +81-33342-6111, Email: dentacmac@aol.com

Received Date: Nov 20, 2017 / Accepted Date: Dec 14, 2017 / Published Date: Dec 18, 2017

Abstract

Blood flow (BF) due to muscle contractions during exercise providing information about increased oxygen supply and energy metabolism, which may be the underlying mechanism of exercise therapy for cardiovascular disease. The same mechanism also normalizes the central and peripheral hemodynamics in body. High time resolution Doppler ultrasound measurements have been reported to detect not only the beat-to-beat blood velocity profile in the nonmuscular contraction state (basal resting condition), but also alterations in blood velocity profile in exercising limb during muscle contractions. During sustained isometric (static) muscle contraction (IMC), the systole-diastolic blood velocity profile is not intermittently disturbed due to the absence of fluctuations of intramuscular pressures compared to isotonic (dynamic) muscle contractions. This offers the possibilities to evaluate the blood velocity and BF magnitude for each beat-to-beat cycle without the influence of rapid changes in intramuscular pressure. Our previous studies demonstrated that elevated intramuscular pressure during 10 s-sustained IMC may transiently restrict muscle hyperemia during steadystate repeated knee extensor exercise at 3 contractions per minute (10 s-IMC and 10 s-muscle relaxation) at 10%, 30%, 50% and 70% of maximum voluntary contraction. In contrast, the sudden increase in peak BF immediately after the end of a IMC steeply declines during the period of 10 s-muscle relaxation. However, there is a lack of information regarding the extent to which the beat-to-beat magnitude in BF during IMC and muscle relaxation, even if large differences are observed in the BF magnitude between IMC and relaxation phases. We provided that the time-dependent beat-to-beat BF magnitude may significantly (P<0.05) linearly correlate for both 10 s-IMC and 10 s-relaxation phase. Furthermore, the variation in the acceleration rate of time dependent changes in BF is small in individual subjects below 30% of maximum voluntary contraction both IMC and relaxation phase. The present commentary therefore discusses to what extent the time-dependence of beat-to-beat magnitude in BF may statistically correlate during repeated IMC and relaxations with supplementary consideration of isometric exercise induced BF changes and its evaluation.

Keywords: Exercising blood flow; Isometric muscle contraction and relaxation; Doppler ultrasound

Citation: Osada T, Ueno R, Rådegran G (2017) Magnitude of Time-Dependence of Beat-to-Beat Muscle Blood Flow Between Isometric Contraction and Relaxation During Repeated Knee Extensor Exercise at Incremental Workload. J Card Pulm Rehabil 1: 119.

Copyright: ©2017 Osada T, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Top