Abstract

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are a class of medications used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. These drugs work by inhibiting the activity of alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the small intestine, which are responsible for breaking down complex carbohydrates into glucose. By slowing down carbohydrate digestion and absorption, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors help to reduce postprandial blood glucose spikes, leading to improved glycemic control. The clinical benefits of these medications include reduced post-meal glucose levels, modest reductions in HbA1c, and weight-neutrality. However, they may cause gastrointestinal side effects such as flatulence and diarrhea. Patients with certain medical conditions, such as severe kidney or liver disease, should avoid using alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Overall, these medications represent an important tool in the multifaceted approach to managing type 2 diabetes and improving long-term health outcomes. Close collaboration between healthcare providers and patients is essential to determine the most appropriate treatment plan, taking into account individual factors and potential risks associated with their use.