Abstract

Trauma can leave lasting imprints not only on psychological well-being but also on the brain’s structure and function. This article explores the neurobiological mechanisms underlying trauma and their role in the development of mental health conditions such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Key areas of focus include alterations in the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex, as well as disruptions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Understanding these biological changes provides critical insights into why some individuals develop trauma-related disorders while others demonstrate resilience

Keywords: Trauma, Amygdala, Hippocampus