Abstract

Trauma experienced during childhood can profoundly affect a child's cognitive, emotional, and social development. Exposure to adverse events such as abuse, neglect, loss, or violence disrupts normal brain development, often leading to long-term psychological and behavioral challenges. This paper explores the mechanisms through which trauma influences brain architecture, emotional regulation, and learning abilities in children. It also examines the role of environmental factors, including family support and therapeutic interventions, in mitigating these effects.

Keywords: Childhood trauma, Brain development, Emotional regulation