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Hindi Trophic Interactions: Foundation, Threats, Resilience, Restoratio
*Corresponding Author: Ahmed El-Rashid, Desert Ecology Research Centre, Cairo University, Egypt, Email: a.elrashid@cu.edu.egReceived Date: Jan 01, 2025 / Published Date: Feb 10, 2025
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Abstract
Trophic interactions, the basis of ecosystem function, are profoundly impacted by global change factors. Climate change,
pollution, invasive species, and biodiversity loss disrupt these critical feeding relationships, leading to unstable food webs and diminished
ecosystem services. Research highlights the role of trophic dynamics in disease ecology, agroecosystem sustainability,
and even coevolutionary processes. Functional diversity and herbivore-induced plant volatiles also mediate these interactions. Ultimately,
understanding and strategically re-establishing trophic links are essential for effective conservation and successful ecological
restoration, ensuring resilient and healthy ecosystems in the face of environmental challenges
