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Peptides or short protein domains derived from the extracellular matrix are known
to possess anti-tumor properties. One such molecule, hexastatin [�?±6(IV)NC1]
was derived from the carboxy terminal non-collagenous domain of �?±6 chain of type
(IV) collagen and was found to inhibit tumor growth, but the mechanism by which it
inhibits the growth of solid tumors has not been reported yet. In the present study
we identified that the biological functions of hexastatin are attributed to its binding to
different cell surface integrins. We identified that hexastatin binds to 31, V3 and 51
integrins. Hexastatin competes with human vascular endothelial cells in binding to
11 integrins on type IV collagen, and or with 51/V3 integrins on fibronectin/vitronectin
matrix, thus inhibiting endothelial migration and tube formation. Interestingly, p38-
MAPK phosphorylation was not inhibited in �?±3 and �?²3 integrin null endothelial cells
upon treatment with hexastatin which confirms that the antiangiogenic functions of
hexastatin are possibly mediated through �?±3�?²1, V3 and 51 integrins. While both
the integrins (�?±3�?²1 and �?±5�?²1) are required for the inhibition of tube formation by
hexastatin in human vascular endothelial cells, only �?±3�?²1 integrin was found to
regulate endothelial cells migration. In addition we also demonstrated that hexastatin
inhibits tumor growth, tumor angiogenesis and circulating endothelial cells in-vivo.
These in-vitro and in-vivo findings indicate that �?±3�?²1, V3 and 51 integrins are critical
for hexastatin mediated inhibition of angiogenic signaling and tumor progression.
Collectively, our findings demonstrate that hexastatin is a potent therapeutic agent
for targeting tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth.
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