Abstract

Kidney cancer, also known as renal cell carcinoma (RCC), is a prevalent urological malignancy with substantial morbidity and mortality. Timely and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes. Recent advancements in diagnostic approaches, including imaging modalities, biomarker discovery, liquid biopsy, molecular profiling, and artificial intelligence, have revolutionized kidney cancer diagnosis. This research article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of kidney cancer diagnosis and explores the potential future perspectives. It discusses traditional and advanced diagnostic methods, the role of biomarkers, and the promise of liquid biopsy in non-invasive diagnosis. Furthermore, it highlights the contribution of genomic analysis and artificial intelligence in improving diagnostic accuracy. Integrative diagnostic approaches are also examined, which amalgamate multiple diagnostic modalities for better patient management. With a deeper understanding of kidney cancer’s molecular basis, innovative diagnostic technologies hold the potential to enhance early detection rates and pave the way for personalized treatment strategies.

Keywords: Kidney cancer; Diagnosis; Renal cell carcinoma; Biopsy techniques; Biomarkers; Risk factors; Integrative diagnostic approaches