Abstract

High-containment laboratories, like BSL-3 and BSL-4, demand robust biosafety and biosecurity strategies. This includes integrating architectural design, advanced engineering controls such as ventilation and biological safety cabinets, and rigorous administrative protocols. Critical elements involve optimizing Personal Protective Equipment use, effective chemical decontamination, and safe biohazardous waste management. Proactive risk assessment and strong human factors, including training and adherence to protocols, are essential for preventing pathogen release and safeguarding personnel, especially against emerging health threats