Abstract

Biological weapons, also known as bioweapons, utilize pathogens or toxins to incapacitate or kill humans, animals, or plants as an act of war or terrorism. Unlike conventional warfare, biological warfare presents a silent and often invisible threat capable of inflicting mass casualties and long-term environmental and societal disruption. This article explores the nature, history, classification, and implications of biological weapons. It also discusses contemporary concerns, the role of biotechnology, international regulations such as the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), and the importance of preparedness and response mechanisms. By analyzing past incidents and current capabilities, this article underscores the critical need for global cooperation and surveillance in mitigating bioweapons threats.