Abstract

Mass prophylaxis refers to the rapid provision of preventive medical treatment to large populations in response to disease outbreaks or the threat of bioterrorism. This public health strategy plays a crucial role in controlling the spread of communicable diseases and protecting population health. This article explores the principles, planning, implementation, and effectiveness of mass prophylaxis efforts. Emphasis is placed on logistical frameworks, ethical considerations, and real-world applications such as influenza, anthrax, and COVID-19. The discussion highlights key challenges, including public compliance, vaccine distribution, and surveillance integration. The article concludes with recommendations for improving mass prophylaxis readiness and response capabilities globally.