Abstract

Global health security critically depends on vaccine equity, a moral and strategic imperative for pandemic preparedness. Unequal access to vaccines undermines biodefense efforts, prolongs outbreaks, and increases global costs. Effective response planning demands integrating equitable distribution mechanisms, local manufacturing, and adaptable intellectual property rights to ensure timely access for all populations. Building resilient supply chains, fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration, and addressing vaccine nationalism are essential. Prioritizing vulnerable populations and establishing a global pandemic treaty can strengthen international cooperation, ensuring fair allocation and comprehensive global health systems to mitigate future biological threats effectively.