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A Different Role of Metallothionein-3 (Mt3) in Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration of Brain
Brain injury comes from various pathological conditions. Among those, acute brain injuries such as trauma and ischemia are mainly caused in the oxidative stress of brain cells. Labile zinc accumulation in the brain significantly contributes to oxidative brain injury. On the other hand, neurodegenerative diseases including amyotr.. Read More
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Neuropathology of Zika Virus Infection
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family that had been associated only with mild disease prior to the 2015 outbreak in Brazil. A dramatic increase in reported cases of microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome during this time prompted significant research into possible associations with ZIKV and its neurotro.. Read More
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Can Postcontrast-T2FLAIR be a Boon over Postcontrast-T1GRE Images in MR Brain Imaging?
We are all familiar with the role of postcontrast-T1GRE images in MR brain imaging especially in the presence of space occupying lesions. But very few are aware of the role of postcontrast-T2FLAIR images in similar circumstances. Though T2-effect of gadolinium and T1-effect of T2FLAIR has been established for long yet it has not.. Read More
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Outbreak of Neuro-Chikungunya in Northeastern Brazil
Chikungunya virus, an alphavirus often associated with large epidemic outbreaks, has a serious social impact. The main symptoms are fever, rash and arthralgia, but recently neurologic complications have been described as an important cause of morbidity. During a large outbreak in at least five towns in poor states of the Brazili.. Read More
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Texas Occurrence of Lyme Disease and Its Neurological Manifestations
Today, Lyme disease is the most commonly reported tick-borne disease in the United States and Europe. The culprits behind Lyme disease are the Borrelia species of bacteria. In the USA, Borrelia burgdorferi causes the majority of cases, while in Europe and Asia Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii carry the greatest burden of di.. Read More
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Virus-induced autoimmunity in the brain, an immune-privileged site, occurs primarily from a breach in thymic selection mechanisms that constitute peripheral tolerance, culminating in a self-directed, Tcell- mediated immune response traditionally thought to occur via molecular or epitope mimicry; immune recognition of novel selfa.. Read More
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The Evolution and Challenge of the Zika virus and its Uncharted Territory in the Neurological Realm
The Zika virus , an Aedes mosquito-borne flavivirus, was first identified in 1947 in Rhesus Monkey s in a vegetative region of Africa known as Zika. It is closely related to other flaviviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, West Nile and Japanese encephalitis viruses and share similar symptomology, namely malaise, headache, flush.. Read More
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Idioventricular Rhythm in a Case of West Nile Encephalomyelitis
Background: West nile virus (WNV), since its first appearance in the USA in 1999 has been a leading cause of viral encephalitis. There is one case report of associated fatal arrhythmia. Case: Presented is a 65 year old Hispanic male without significant past medical history presenting with West Nile Encephalomyelitis with subsequ.. Read More
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A recurring series of periods of unexplained higher deaths in those suffering from neurological conditions (Alzheimer’s, Dementia, Parkinson’s etc.) has been previously identified, and the effect of the 2012 event was investigated in some detail. Since that time, a seemingly similar event occurred in 2014, which exhi.. Read More
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Spinal Hansens with Pseudo Syringomyelitic Form
Spinal cord involvement is rare in leprosy but not unknown. We document an interesting case of a 56 year old male presented with progressive weakness of all four limbs with gross wasting of limb muscles and multiple painless trophic ulcers over the hands and legs. Examination revealed pan sensory loss in glove and stock distribu.. Read More
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Neurological Sequale of Varicella Zoster Virus Infection
Background: Varicella-zoster virus meningoencephalitis is an uncommon complication in immunocompetent adults. Typically, most patients present with neurological symptoms within 7-10 days of onset of rash . Also neurological symptoms preceding the rash or in the absence of the rash are rare. Methods: A 50 year-old female experien.. Read More
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Alzheimer's disease: a novel hypothesis for the development and the subsequent role of beta amyloid
Spirochetes, biofilms, innate immune system activity have all been recently found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. The mechanism and actions of those entities in producing the disease were postulated in those studies. The production and role of beta amyloid were not included in the discussion; we hypothesize herein.. Read More
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Uncommon Strain for an Intracranial Infection: Bacillus Simplex as Suspected Cause of Brain Abscess
Brain abscess is a serious life threatening condition. Leading causes include open head injury, history of neurosurgical procedure, dissemination from distant abscessual foci, sepsis, continuity spreading. Most common pathogens involved in genesis of brain abscesses are Streptococcus and Staphylococcus spp. depending on the path.. Read More
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Epidemiological and Evolutionary Aspects of Streptococcus pneumoniae Meningitis in Burkina Faso
Aim: Pneumococcal meningitis remains a public health problem in Burkina Faso. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological and evolutionary aspects of pneumococcal meningitis. Patients and Methods: It was about a retrospective and descriptive study of the records of patients hospitalized for pneumococcal meningitis i.. Read More
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Sporadic creutzfelt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder and the most common type of the prion diseases that affects humans. Its clinical manifestations are progressive dementia, myoclonus, visual or cerebellar disturbances, pyramidal dysfunction, and akinetic mutism. Laboratory findings include high levels .. Read More
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The present study was designed to investigate the ameliorative potential of Ambroxol, a voltage gated sodium channel 1.8 (VGSC 1.8) inhibitor in Vincristine induced neuropathic pain in rats. Administration with Vincristine (75 μg/mg, intraperitoneal) for 10 consecutive days induces neuropathic pain. Hyperalgesia and allodyn.. Read More
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Background: Neurological complications of Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 in adults are rarely reported in the literature. The aim of this study is to report a case of Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 acute necrotizing encephalitis (ANE) and another case of acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalopathy (AHLE) and to review the neurological complicatio.. Read More
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Pain Management in Dentistry: A Review and Update
Pain management has progressed a great deal scientifically throughout the last century, in large part as a result of the introduction of the more effective pharmacologic agents and the developmental of a better understanding of the molecular principles that govern their use. There is still a great deal for researches and practit.. Read More
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Objective: To describe a case of ischemic stroke in a young patient leading to diagnosis of concomitant neurosyphilis and HIV infections. Background: Meningovascular syphilis is an early manifestation of neurosyphilis which can lead to an infectious endarteritis (Heubner’s arteritis) and subsequent ischemic stroke. In the .. Read More
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Alzheimers Disease: A Novel Hypothesis Integrating Spirochetes, Biofilm, and the Immune System
In the light of recent studies showing the presence of spirochetes in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, we have studied (post mortem) the hippocampus region in the brains of similarly affected AD patients utilizing both pathology and immunohistochemistry. Our findings demonstrate that the plaques, which are.. Read More
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