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Hindi Evaluation of Nootropic Activity using Methanolic Extract of Eichhornia Crassipes against Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes in Rodent Models
Abstract
Type 3 diabetes (T3D) is a term used when Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is triggered by insulin resistance in the brain. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a risk factor for causing dementia, vascular dementia, AD. Due to the pathophysiological similarity of T2D and AD, which includes insulin resistance and deficiency, protein aggregation, oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products (AGE’s); AD is often referred to as “type 3 diabetes”. The present study was aimed at evaluating the nootropic activity using methanolic extract of Eichhornia crassipes (MEEC) against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rodent models by employing in vitro and in vivo Paradigm. MEEC was screened for in vitro antioxidant activity using hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay and reducing power assay and in vitro nootropic activity viz. inhibition of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity by microwell plate method and which was further proved by in vivo studies carried out by interoceptive model namely STZ induced diabetes model and exteroceptive models like actophotometer, morri’s water maze test, elevated plus maze test, cook’s pole climbing method. Oral administration of MEEC dose dependently (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg bd.wt) and significantly (p < 0.01) improved the basal activity score in actophotometer, reduced escape latency time in morris water maze test, transfer latency time in elevated plus maze test and the time taken to climb the pole in cook’s pole climbing apparatus. The potential effect of MEEC in enhancing the brain memory in terms of increasing the concentration of neurotransmitter acetylcholine by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) which helps in enhancing the cholinergic transmission and improving the nootropic effect. The antioxidant potential along with AChE inhibitory activity due to presence of alkaloids and flavonoids might be contributed to the nootropic activity of extract.
