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Hindi Research Article
Ten-Year Coronary Artery Disease Risk in 1571 Newly Presenting Hypertensive Black Subjects
Ojji D1*, Stewart S2, Atherton J3, Ajayi S4, Mamven M5, Ngabea M1, Ojji O6 and Karen S7
1Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada , Abuja
2NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence to Reduce Inequality in Heart Disease, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
3Department of Cardiology, Royal Brisbane and Women Hospital and University of Queensland School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
4Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
5Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Nigeria
6Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Nigeria
7Hatter Institute of Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
- *Corresponding Author:
- Dike Ojji
Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine
University of Abuja Teaching Hospital
Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
Tel: +234-8060094456
E-mail: dikeojjki@yahoo.co.uk
Received date: May 20, 2016; Accepted date: June 13, 2016; Published date: June 24, 2016
Citation: Ojji D, Stewart S, Atherton J, Ajayi S, Mamven M, et al. (2016) Ten-Year Coronary Artery Disease Risk in 1571 Newly Presenting Hypertensive Black Subjects. J Community Med Health Educ 6:442. doi:10.4172/2161-0711.1000442
Copyright: © 2016 Ojji D, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Background: Although hypertension is highly prevalent in Nigeria, coronary artery disease (CAD) remains relatively uncommon. This may well change due to epidemiological transition. To ascertain the future role of CAD in Nigeria, we risk stratified every consecutive hypertensive subject referred to the Cardiology unit of the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital over 7 years.
Hypothesis: A significant proportion of the study population will fall within the intermediate or high risk category.
Methods: It is a prospective, observational study. 1571 hypertensive subjects were risk stratified according to the Framingham 10-year Risk Score.
Results: 834(53.1%) of the subjects were female while 737(46.9%) were male. The mean age, mean body mass index and mean arterial pressure of the subjects were 50.9 ± 11.4 years, 28.1 ± 9.4 kg/m2 and 116.23 ± 13.1 mmHg respectively. According to Framingham criteria, 1263(80.4%) of the study population were low risk individuals, 286(18.2%) were medium risk, 22(1.4%) were high risk individuals. When the age of the subjects was hypothetically increased by an additional 10 years, the high risk group increased from 1.3% to 21.3%.
Conclusions: According to the Framingham risk score, the majority of subjects with hypertension presenting to a large teaching hospital in Nigeria have a low risk of developing CAD in the near future, which contrasts with the risk profile seen in hypertensive subjects in Europe and North America. Nonetheless, approximately one in four subjects were classified as intermediate or high risk emphasizing the importance of lifestyle modification and the need to consider absolute risk stratification to guide management in countries undergoing epidemiological transition.
