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Hindi Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes in 14 Countries: The INTERPRET-DD Study
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Copyright: © 2020 . This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Aim: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common but severe microvascular complication of diabetes. We report the prevalence and risk factors for DPN in people with type 2 diabetes in 14 different countries. Methods: A total of 2733 people with type 2 diabetes aged 18- 65 years (45.3% men, mean duration of diabetes 8.8 years) was included in the International Prevalence and Treatment of Diabetes and Depression (INTERPRET-DD) study, which was conducted in 14 countries. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect sociodemographic characteristics and medical records of subjects using a structured questionnaire and laboratory tests were subsequently carried out for clinical measurement. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression accounting for clustering of participants within the country was used to determine potential risk factors. Results: The overall prevalence of DPN was 26.71% and the country-specific prevalence showed considerable variation. Multivariate analysis revealed that longer duration of diabetes (OR: 1.08 per 1-year increase, 95% CI: 1.06-1.09), poor glycemic control (OR: 1.11 per 1% increase in HbA1c, 95% CI: 1.05-1.18), history of hypertension (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.18- 2.12), cardiovascular diseases (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.55-2.78) and depressive symptoms (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.43-2.58) were independently associated with DPN. Conclusions: The results of this international study suggest that more than a quarter of individuals with type 2 diabetes are affected by DPN, which is significantly associated with longer duration of diabetes, poor glycemic control, history of hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and depressive symptoms.
