Spanish 
Chinese 
Russian 
German 
French 
Japanese 
Portuguese 
Hindi Research Article
Effects of Combination of Carvedilol and Melatonin on Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats
| Khaled A Abdel-Sater1* and Ahmed Mostafa M. Hassan2 | |
| 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt | |
| 2Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University- Sohag -Egypt | |
| *Corresponding Author : | Khaled Ahmed Abdel-Sater Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt Tel: +20167970804 E-mail: Khaled_71111@yahoo.com |
| Received April 21, 2014; Accepted June 16, 2014; Published June 23, 2014 | |
| Citation: Abdel-Sater KAA, Hassan AMM (2014) Effects of Combination of Carvedilol and Melatonin on Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats. Biochem Physiol 3:137. doi:10.4172/2168-9652.1000137 | |
| Copyright: © 2014 Abdel Sater KA et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. | |
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing and it is considered one of the main threats to human health worldwide. Fructose feeding induces hyper-insulinemia, insulin resistance and hyper-triglyceridemia. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the pharmacological effects of the single and combined administration of carvedilol and melatonin in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome in rats. Methods: Male albino rats were fed a high fructose diet for ten weeks to induce metabolic syndrome. Oral administration of carvedilol (20 mg/kg/day), melatonin (10 mg/kg/day), carvedilol and melatonin (20 mg +10 mg/kg/ day) or vehicle was conducted for six weeks after stopping the high fructose feeding.Indices of systolic blood pressure (SBP), Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Fasting Serum Insulin (FSI), serum lipid profiles, serum Nitric Oxide (NO), serum lipid peroxides as well as levels of total antioxidants were determined. Insulin resistance index were calculated from FBG and FSI using HOMA-IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment). Results: A high-fructose diet was associated with hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, decreased nitrite and increased of oxidative stress. Carvedilol, melatonin or combination of carvedilol and melatonin was able to reverse features of metabolic syndrome in the six weeks. The intensity of changes produced by melatonin was of greater extent in insulin resistance and lipid profiles than produced by carvedilol but the effect of carvedilol was higher in hypertension. The combination of carvedilol plus melatonin was superior of the others. Conclusion: A combination of both carvedilol (20 mg/kg/ day orally) and melatonin (10 mg/kg/ day orally) for 6 weeks revealed a statistical significant results in comparison to carvedilol (20 mg/kg/ day orally) or melatonin (10 mg/kg/ day orally) alone. A combination of carvedilol and melatonin may give an additive effect better than each of them alone.
