Journal of Neuroinfectious Diseases
Open Access

Research Article

The Cognitive Impairment of Elderly Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Cross-Sectional Study about the Role of Viral Neurotoxicity

Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil

*Corresponding Author:

Denise Utsch Gonçalves
Tropical Medicine Post Graduation Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais
Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, Sala 190, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 30100130, Brazil
Tel: + 55 31 34099767
Fax: 55 31 34099767
E-mail: deniseg@medicina.ufmg.br

Received date: July 30, 2016; Accepted date: August 31, 2016; Published date: September 02, 2016

Citation: Diniz JLCP, Tupinambs U, Labanca L, Barbara SM, Souza O, et al. (2016) The Cognitive Impairment of Elderly Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Cross-Sectional Study about the Role of Viral Neurotoxicity. J Neuroinfect Dis 7:224. doi: 10.4172/2314-7326.1000224

Copyright: © 2016 Diniz JLCP, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Aging with HIV has been associated with a higher frequency of neurocognitive disorders. The auditory evoked potentials P300 evaluate cognitive function. In a cross-sectional study, we analyzed the auditory cognition of elderly living with HIV through P300. We compared 34 HIV-infected elderly undergoing regular treatment to 76 HIV-negative elderly (controls) according to P300 latency and the scores of neuropsychological tests. The groups were stratified into age subgroups: 50 ≥ 59, 60 ≥ 69 and ≥70 years. Each age subgroup infected with HIV was compared to the age subgroup of controls immediately older. HIV group consisted of 20 (61%) men, mean age 61 ± 7 years and controls of 24 (32%) men, mean age 67 ± 4 years. Years of schooling were seven (interquartile range 4/8) in HIV group against four (4/11) in controls (p=0.044). P300 latency was similar between genders in the groups. P300 latency was 353 ± 35 ms in HIV group and 331 ± 29 ms in controls (p=0.006). In within-analysis, P300 latency augmented with the increase of age in HIV group (p=0.001) and remained stable in controls (p=0.252). In between-analysis, P300 latency was delayed in HIV subgroup 60 ≥ 69 as compared to controls ≥70 years (p=0.033) and delayed in HIV subgroup ≥70 years as compared to controls ≥70 years (p<0.001). In neuropsychological tests, HIV group presented poor performance in Nine Hole test (p=0.029) and correlation was found between an altered P300 and poor performance to execute the task with the dominant hand (p=0.043). We concluded that even under regular treatment, HIV infection may accelerate the cognitive impairment in the aging.

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