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Host Selective Toxins And Suppressor Effector From Plant Pathogens Regulate Ca2+ -Dependent Protein Kinase In The Plant Cell | 9202
ISSN: 2161-0681
Journal of Clinical & Experimental Pathology
Open Access
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Seven members of the family of host selective toxins were reported from
Alternaria alternate
and
Alternaria solani
by S.
Nishimura lab. The suppressor effector for hypersensitive response of host cells was reported firstly by using
Phytophthora
infestans
by K. Tomiyama lab. The host selective toxin (HST) effect on the host plant and induced the infection of the pathogen into
the tissue, which has no resistant genes against HST. The suppressor effector induced the inhibition of hypersensitive cell death,
accumulation of phytoalexins and the symptom of HR, hypersensitive response, in host tissues. Recently, the Ca
2+
-dependent
protein kinase in the plasma membrane of host cells was stimulated after the treatment of Alternaric acid, a HST, from
A. solani
and the suppressor effector from
P. infestans in vitro
, in the assay as reported. This means that the kinase, CPKs, could recognize
the HST and suppressor in host plasma membrane and regulate the occurrence of HR in host cells. So far, the receptor sites for
the PAMPS were reported. However, there are few reports with regard to the receptor for HST in plant cells. The CPKs in the
host plasma membrane are a candidate against receptor of HST in potato and other plants. The suppressor of
P. infestans
has a
β
-1,3-linkages of glucose, and also contains glucosamine.
Recently, cyclic nucleotide gated protein channel (CNGC) activity was induced by the treatment of At pep peptides effector
in host cells, resulting the HR response in the cells. The CNGC channel activity was reported by the Fluorescent protein method.
For the activation of CPKs, the influx of calcium into the cytoplasm is important physiological phenomena in host cells. In plant,
CNGC played a role for the occurrence of Ca
2+
influx in host cell, as reported.
The CPKs signaling cascades regulated the occurrence of HR response in host cells, and the HST effect on the inhibition of
HR in potato and tomato.
Biography
Naotaka Furuichi received his Ph.D. degree in Molecular Plant Pathology with the Professor K. Tomiyama at Nagoya University (1981) and had
postdoctoral training from Prof. S. Nishimura (1982, Nagoya University) and of Prof. Anne J. Anderson (1988, Utah State University). He was a
Project PI of Plant Defense Center, Niigata University, (2003). He also had the Visiting Professor lab, Protein Institute; Osaka University (2005-2009).
He had been elected as a Fulblight Senior Scientist, Utah State University, Logan, Utah (1993-94) and as a Visiting Professor, Utah State University,
(1993-94).
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