Journal of Community Medicine & Health Education
Open Access

Abstract

Sarcopenia is an evolving concept. According to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, sarcopenia is “a syndrome characterised by progressive and generalised loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with a risk of adverse outcomes”. Sarcopenia can be either primary (age-related) or secondary (related with activity, disease, or nutrition), depending on its cause. Age-related sarcopenia is common and likely contributes to the loss of muscle mass, mobility and independence in older people. The prevalence of sarcopenia ranges between 8 and 40% in older adults aged over 60 years and increases with age. The results of studies are conflicting regarding the consequences of sarcopenia. The results varies depending on the study sample and the methods used to evaluate sarcopenia. Several studies have reported an association between low muscle mass and functional decline. In contrast, some studies found no relationship between these two variables. Therefore, further studies are required to understand the mechanisms and functional consequences of sarcopenia. Effective management of sarcopenia includes different approaches, including physical activity, nutritional interventions and pharmacological therapies such as testosterone, estrogens, growth hormones, vitamin D and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. However, the first step to bringing a change is to create awareness and educate the community about sarcopenia. Nurses play an integral role in providing care, support and advice for older people and their family members. In this review, the scientific data regarding the prevalence, functional significance and management of sarcopenia in older people were discussed.

Biography

Email: sb.kara@mynet.com